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Prison riot
:''Prison mutiny redirects here. For the 1943 American film directed by Phil Rosen, see You Can't Beat the Law''.
A prison riot is an act of concerted defiance or disorder by a group of prisoners against the prison administrators, prison officers, or other groups of prisoners in attempt to force change or express a grievance.
Prison riots have received little academic attention. The papers that do exist tend to draw a connection between prison conditions (such as prison overcrowding) and riots,〔Bidna, H. (1975). Effects of increased security on prison violence. Journal of Criminal Justice, 3. 33-46.〕〔Ellis, D. (1984) Crowding and prison violence: Integration of research and theory. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 11 (3). 277-308.〕〔Gaes, G. (1994). Prison crowding research reexamined. The Prison Journal, 74, (3). 329-363.〕 or discuss the dynamics of the modern prison riot.〔Useem, B. (1985). Disorganization and the New Mexico prison riot of 1980. American Sociological Review, 50 (5). 677-688.〕〔Newbold, G. (1989). Punishment and Politics: The Maximum Security Prison in New Zealand. Auckland: Oxford University Press.〕 In addition, a large proportion of papers focus on specific cases of prison riots.〔Colvin, M. (1982). The 1980 New Mexico prison riot. Social Problems, 29 (5). 449-463.〕〔Useem, B. and Kimball, P. (1987). A theory of prison riots. Theory and Society, 16 (1). 87-122.〕〔Dinitz, S. (1991). Barbarism in the New Mexico state prison riot: The search for meaning a decade later. In Kelly, R. and MacNamara, D. (eds.). Perspectives on Deviance: Dominance, Degradation and Denigration. Cincinnati: Anderson Publishing Company.〕 Others recent research deals with strike and repertoires of contention of inmate-workers.〔(Guilbaud, F (2012). To Challenge and Suffer: The Forms and Foundations of Working Inmates’ Social Criticism. Sociétés Contemporaines, 87 (3). 99-121. )〕
== Prison conditions ==
In the late 20th century the conceptualization of explanations put forward to account for prison disturbances and riots has changed. Initially the actions by prisoners were viewed as irrational. Nevertheless, there is a shift in the form of explanation as external conditions like overcrowding are put forward by the authorities to interpret the events.〔Ellis, D. (1984). Crowding and prison violence: Integration of research and theory. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 11 (3). 277-308.〕
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